Key Challenges for Grid‐Scale Lithium‐Ion Battery Energy Storage
Suppose we have reached US$200/kWh battery cost, then US$200 trillion worth of batteries (10× US GDP in 2020) can only provide 1000 TWh energy storage, or 3.4 quads. As the US used 92.9 quads of primary energy in 2020, this is only 2 weeks'' worth of storage, and not quite sufficient to heat our homes in the winter.