Our approach to the duality of soil structure is to abandon the artificial division into solids and pores which is also called for by Vogel et al. (2021), and even more focus instead on the nature of soil structure as shaped by the competing processes of aggregation and disaggregation that produce aggregates.
Summary. Microbes Persist Science Focus Area (SFA) Objectives. This SFA explores: (1) effects of water regimes on ecophysiology of soil microbiomes, (2) distinct modes of microbial mortality, (3) role of microbe-mineral interactions in soil organic matter persistence, and (4) data synthesis and modeling. The SFA seeks to gain a foundational …
The energy flow density of soil is small, 20–40W/m 2, generally 25W/m 2. This determines that when the soil is only used as the low-level heat source of the heat pump, its load should not be too large. Generally, it is only used when the load is no more than 1 MW. In addition, ground source heat pump has certain area requirements.
Legume inclusion into cropping systems has been proposed to maintain high crop yields while offering multiple environmental benefits. However, the effect of legumes as pre-crop on subsequent wheat yield and soil has not been well explored. Thus, a 7-year field experiment was used to determine the interactive effects of mineral …
The Soil "System". 1. Read the description of the soil system below. Using coloured pens/highlighters, label all of the inputs, outputs, storages and flows. Don''t forget to complete the key. Soil is made of many materials. Material such as leaf litter enters the soil and contributes to the organic matter. Inorganic material such as ...
In contrast to the increase in microbial residues with decreasing particle size, the contribution of lignin, a major cell wall component of vascular plants (Kögel-Knabner, 2002), has commonly been reported to decrease from POM to mineral soil fractions, and to decline with decreasing particle size (Clemente et al., 2011; Grünewald et al., 2006; Kiem …
Before discussing battery energy storage system (BESS) architecture and battery types, we must first focus on the most common terminology used in this field. Several important parameters describe the behaviors of battery energy storage systems. Capacity [Ah]: The amount of electric charge the system can deliver to the connected …
Soil composition profile of the borehole thermal energy storage system. After drilling completion, TRT was carried out for each test borehole. Some researchers have used the model-based parameter estimation method to analyze TRT data and estimate …
Forest soil organic carbon (SOC) is one of the largest reservoirs of terrestrial carbon (C) and is a major component of the global C cycle. Yet there is still uncertainty regarding how ecosystems, and the SOC they store, will respond to changes due to anthropogenic processes. Current and future reactive nitrogen (N) deposition to forest …
The effects of organic and mineral fertilization on four soil organic matter (SOM) fractions (non-protected, physically protected, chemically protected, and biochemically protected) and microbial community composition were investigated by sampling soil of a 35-year-long fertilization experiment. The SOM fractions were …
Purpose Grass buffer strips enhance ecosystem services of irrigated landscapes. However, their impacts on soil structure and associated soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) cycling have not been documented well for arid and semi-arid agroecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the seasonal dynamics of dry soil …
Soil-borehole thermal energy storage (SBTES) systems are used for storing heat collected from renewable sources in the subsurface so that it can be used later for space or water heating. Heat sources such as solar thermal panels generate heat during the day with a greater energy generation during summer months, so SBTES systems …
Background and aims The accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) is a crucial process in mitigating climate change and ensuring soil quality. Subtropical plantations in China have shown high potential for enhancing SOC sequestration due to their high carbon sink capacity. However, the dynamics and compositions of SOC after long …